Herpes zoster
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Herpes zoster roro lori ọrun ati ejika
References
Shingles, ti o fa nipasẹ isọdọtun ti ọlọjẹ varicella zoster ti o ni iduro fun adie, ni ipa lori awọn eniyan miliọnu kan lododun ni Amẹrika, pẹlu eewu igbesi aye ti 30%. Awọn ti o ni awọn eto ajẹsara alailagbara jẹ itara diẹ sii si awọn shingles ti o dagbasoke, pẹlu awọn aami aiṣan ti o bẹrẹ pẹlu malaise, orififo, ati ibà kekere kan, atẹle nipasẹ awọn aibalẹ awọ ara dani ni awọn ọjọ diẹ ṣaaju hihan sisu kan. Sisu yii, ti o maa n han ni agbegbe kan pato ti ara, nlọsiwaju lati awọn roro ti o han gbangba si awọn egbò erunrun fun ọsẹ kan si ọjọ mẹwa. Itọju kiakia pẹlu awọn oogun antiviral (acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir) laarin awọn wakati 72 ti ibẹrẹ sisu jẹ pataki. Neuralgia Postherpetic, ilolu ti o wọpọ ti o ni ifihan nipasẹ irora gigun ni agbegbe ti o kan, yoo kan nipa ọkan ninu awọn alaisan marun ati nilo iṣakoso ti nlọ lọwọ pẹlu awọn oogun bii gabapentin, pregabalin, tabi awọn antidepressants kan, pẹlu awọn aṣoju agbegbe bi lidocaine tabi capsaicin. Ajesara lodi si ọlọjẹ varicella zoster ni a ṣe iṣeduro fun awọn agbalagba ti ọjọ ori 50 ati loke lati dinku eewu shingles.
Shingles, caused by the reactivation of the varicella zoster virus responsible for chickenpox, affects around 1 million people annually in the United States, with a lifetime risk of 30%. Those with weakened immune systems are significantly more prone to developing shingles, with symptoms typically starting with malaise, headache, and a mild fever, followed by unusual skin sensations a few days before the appearance of a rash. This rash, usually appearing in a specific area of the body, progresses from clear blisters to crusted sores over a week to ten days. Prompt treatment with antiviral medications (acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir) within 72 hours of rash onset is crucial. Postherpetic neuralgia, a common complication characterized by prolonged pain in the affected area, affects about one in five patients and requires ongoing management with medications such as gabapentin, pregabalin, or certain antidepressants, along with topical agents like lidocaine or capsaicin. Vaccination against the varicella zoster virus is recommended for adults aged 50 and above to reduce the risk of shingles.
Shingles, caused by the reactivation of the varicella zoster virus responsible for chickenpox, affects around 1 million people annually in the United States, with a lifetime risk of 30%. Those with weakened immune systems are significantly more prone to developing shingles, with symptoms typically starting with malaise, headache, and a mild fever, followed by unusual skin sensations a few days before the appearance of a rash. This rash, usually appearing in a specific area of the body, progresses from clear blisters to crusted sores over a week to ten days. Prompt treatment with antiviral medications (acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir) within 72 hours of rash onset is crucial. Postherpetic neuralgia, a common complication characterized by prolonged pain in the affected area, affects about one in five patients and requires ongoing management with medications such as gabapentin, pregabalin, or certain antidepressants, along with topical agents like lidocaine or capsaicin. Vaccination against the varicella zoster virus is recommended for adults aged 50 and above to reduce the risk of shingles.
Herpes zoster maa n waye nigbagbogbo ni awọn eniyan ti o wa ni ọdun 50 ati agbalagba, awọn ti o ni awọn eto ajẹsara ailera, ati awọn ti o nlo awọn oogun ajẹsara. O jẹ okunfa nipasẹ isọdọtun ti ọlọjẹ varicella-zoster, ọlọjẹ kanna ti o fa adie. Awọn aami aiṣan bii iba, irora, ati nyún nigbagbogbo ṣaju hihan sisu iwa naa. Imudara ti o wọpọ julọ jẹ neuralgia post-herpetic, eyiti o jẹ irora nafu ara ti o duro lẹhin igbati o ti yọ kuro. Awọn okunfa ewu ati awọn ilolu ti o ni nkan ṣe pẹlu zoster Herpes yatọ da lori ọjọ-ori, ilera ajẹsara, ati akoko ibẹrẹ itọju. Ajesara fun awọn ẹni-kọọkan ti ọjọ-ori 60 ati loke ti han lati dinku iṣẹlẹ ti zoster herpes ati neuralgia lẹhin-herpetic. Bibẹrẹ awọn oogun antiviral ati awọn olutura irora laarin awọn wakati 72 ti ibẹrẹ sisu le dinku biba ati awọn ilolu ti zoster herpes ati neuralgia post-herpetic.
Herpes zoster tends to occur more frequently in people aged 50 and older, those with weakened immune systems, and those taking immunosuppressant medications. It's triggered by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus, the same virus that causes chickenpox. Symptoms like fever, pain, and itching commonly precede the appearance of the characteristic rash. The most common complication is post-herpetic neuralgia, which is persistent nerve pain after the rash clears up. The risk factors and complications associated with herpes zoster vary depending on age, immune health, and timing of treatment initiation. Vaccination for individuals aged 60 and above has been shown to significantly reduce the occurrence of herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia. Starting antiviral medications and pain relievers within 72 hours of rash onset can lessen the severity and complications of herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia.
Herpes zoster tends to occur more frequently in people aged 50 and older, those with weakened immune systems, and those taking immunosuppressant medications. It's triggered by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus, the same virus that causes chickenpox. Symptoms like fever, pain, and itching commonly precede the appearance of the characteristic rash. The most common complication is post-herpetic neuralgia, which is persistent nerve pain after the rash clears up. The risk factors and complications associated with herpes zoster vary depending on age, immune health, and timing of treatment initiation. Vaccination for individuals aged 60 and above has been shown to significantly reduce the occurrence of herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia. Starting antiviral medications and pain relievers within 72 hours of rash onset can lessen the severity and complications of herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia.
Awọn idanwo ile-iwosan ṣaaju ifọwọsi tọka pe ajesara zoster laaye n ṣiṣẹ ni ayika 50 si 70%, lakoko ti ajesara atunmọ ṣe dara julọ, ti o wa lati 90 si 97%. Ninu awọn ijinlẹ gidi-aye, wọn ṣe atilẹyin awọn awari ti awọn idanwo naa, ti n fihan pe ajesara laaye jẹ nipa 46% munadoko, lakoko ti ọkan ti o tun pada wa ni ayika 85%.
The pre-licensure clinical trials show the efficacy of the live zoster vaccine to be between 50 and 70% and for the recombinant vaccine to be higher at 90 to 97%. Real-world effectiveness studies, with a follow-up of approximately 10 years, were reviewed in this article. These data corroborated the efficacy studies, with vaccine effectiveness being 46% and 85% for the live and recombinant vaccines, respectively.
The pre-licensure clinical trials show the efficacy of the live zoster vaccine to be between 50 and 70% and for the recombinant vaccine to be higher at 90 to 97%. Real-world effectiveness studies, with a follow-up of approximately 10 years, were reviewed in this article. These data corroborated the efficacy studies, with vaccine effectiveness being 46% and 85% for the live and recombinant vaccines, respectively.
Chickenpox, ti a tun pe ni varicella, awọn abajade lati akoran akọkọ pẹlu ọlọjẹ naa, ti o nwaye nigbagbogbo lakoko igba ewe tabi ọdọ. Ni kete ti adie ti wosan, ọlọjẹ naa le wa ni aiṣiṣẹ (laisi) ninu awọn sẹẹli nafu eniyan fun ọdun tabi awọn ọdun mẹwa, lẹhin eyi o le tun mu ṣiṣẹ. Awọn abajade herpes zoster nigbati ọlọjẹ varicella dormant ti tun mu ṣiṣẹ. Lẹhinna ọlọjẹ naa n rin irin-ajo pẹlu awọn ara iṣan ara si awọn opin nafu ninu awọ ara, ti o nmu awọn roro jade. Nigba ti herpes zoster ti nwaye, ifihan si kokoro varicella ti a rii ni herpes zoster roro le fa adie ni ẹnikan ti ko tii ni adie.
Awọn okunfa ewu fun isọdọtun ti kokoro isinmi pẹlu ọjọ ogbó, iṣẹ ajẹsara ti ko dara, ati nini arun adie ṣaaju oṣu 18 ọjọ ori. Kokoro Varicella zoster kii ṣe bakanna bi ọlọjẹ Herpes simplex, botilẹjẹpe awọn mejeeji jẹ ti idile kanna ti awọn ọlọjẹ herpes.
Awọn ajesara herpes zoster dinku eewu ti herpes zoster nipasẹ 50% si 90%. O tun dinku awọn oṣuwọn ti neuralgia postherpetic, ati, ti herpes zoster ba waye, idibajẹ rẹ. Ti herpes zoster ba ndagba, awọn oogun antiviral gẹgẹbi aciclovir le dinku idibajẹ ati iye akoko ti arun naa ti o ba bẹrẹ laarin awọn wakati 72 ti hihan sisu.
○ Itọju
Ti awọn ọgbẹ ba n tan kaakiri, wo dokita rẹ ni kete bi o ti ṣee fun itọju antiviral.
Mejeeji awọn oogun antiviral ati awọn oogun neuralgia ni a nilo. O yẹ ki o sinmi ki o dẹkun mimu ọti.
#Acyclovir
#Fancyclovir
#Valacyclovir
#Gabapentin
#Pregabalin